Chapter 6

Computer Program Translation
  Computers use machine language
    -- simple instructions e.g. add two numbers
    -- represented by 0s and 1s
    
  Translators
      Assembler - simple "English" instructions to machine
                  e.g. add -> 01001010
      Compiler - High level language to executable file (machine)
      Interpreter - Reads high level language and executes each
          statement. (JavaScript)
          
          
 Representations
  Everything is a 1 or 0: bit - Binary digIT
  
  8 bits - Byte
  4 bits - nibble
  
  kiloBytes - 10^3  base two -> 2^10 = 1024
  Mega        10^6              2^20
  Giga        10^9              2^30
  Tera        10^12             2^40
  
  Positive Integers
    binary to decimal
    decimal to binary
    
 Hexadecimal - base 16
   more digits: A, B, C, D, E, F ( and 0..9)
   
   Decimal    Binary    Hex
   0          0000      0
   1          0001      1
   2          0010      2
   3          0011      3
   4          0100      4
   5          0101      5
   6          0110      6
   7          0111      7
   8          1000      8
   9          1001      9
   10         1010      A
   11         1011      B
   12         1100      C
   13         1101      D
   14         1110      E
   15         1111      F
   
   0x185A6BE0